SEBA Class 10 Geography MCQ Chapter 3 | Geography of The World

SEBA Class 10 Geography MCQ Chapter 3

1. Which of the following statements is correct regarding Europe?

1. Europe is surrounded by seas and oceans from three sides.
2. There are 44 countries in Europe.
3. Europe constitutes 10.4 percent of the earth’s land area.

(A) Only 1

(B) Only 2

(C) Only 1 and 2

(D) All of them

Answer: (C) Only 1 and 2

2. Which among the following major sea is NOT under the Pacific Ocean?

(A) Bering Sea

(B) South China Sea

(C) Caribbean Sea

(D) Japan Sea

Answer: (C) Caribbean Sea
Explanation: Some of the major seas under the Pacific Ocean include the Bering Sea, Okhotsk Sea, Japan Sea, South China Sea, Philippine Sea, Alaska Sea, etc., but the Caribbean Sea is not mentioned as part of the Pacific Ocean.

3. Which of these is NOT a desert in Australia?

(A) Great Victoria Desert

(B) Great Sandy Desert

(C) Sahara Desert

(D) Simpson Desert

Answer: (C) Sahara Desert
Explanation: The Sahara Desert is located in Africa, not Australia.

More Read:- SEBA Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 MCQs – Geography of Assam

4. Which is the second highest peak in the world?

(A) Godwin Austin

(B) Mount Blance

(C) Mount Albrus

(D) Kilimanjoro

Answer: (A) Godwin Austin

Explanation: The second highest peak in the world is Godwin Austin. It is also known as K2.

5. Join part A to part B and choose the correct sequence?

(A) (i)-(c) ; (ii)-(d); (iii) -(a); (iv)- (b)

(B) (i)-(b) ; (ii)-(a); (iii) -(c); (iv)- (d)

(C) (i)-(d) ; (ii)-(b); (iii) -(c); (iv)- (a)

(D) (i)-(a) ; (ii)-(c); (iii) -(b); (iv)- (d)

Answer: (A) (i)-(c); (ii)-(d); (iii)-(a); (iv)-(b)

Explanation:

• (i) Asia – (c) Godwin Austin (Mount K2): Mount K2, also known as Godwin Austin, is located in Asia.
• (ii) Europe – (d) Ural Mountain: The Ural Mountains are the natural boundary between Europe and Asia.
• (iii) North America – (a) Mississippi: The Mississippi River is in North America.
• (iv) Africa – (b) Sahara Desert: The Sahara Desert is located in Africa.

6. Match the following with appropriate choices-

(A) a – iv, b – i, c – iii, d – ii

(B) a – iv, b – i, c – ii, d – iii
(C) a – iv, b – iii, c – i, d – ii
(D) a – ii, b – i, c – iv, d – iii

Answer:  (B) a – iv, b – i, c – ii, d – iii

Explanation:

• (a) The highest place of Asia – (iv) Everest: Mount Everest is the highest peak in Asia.
• (b) The highest place of Europe – (i) Mount Elbrus: Mount Elbrus is the highest peak in Europe.
• (c) The highest place of Africa – (ii) Kilimanjaro: Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest peak in Africa.
• (d) The highest place of South America – (iii) Aconcagua: Mount Aconcagua is the highest peak in South America.

7. Which of the following continents are completely located within the northern hemisphere?

(A) South America, Africa, and Oceania

(B) North America, Europe, and Asia

(C) Africa, Antarctica, and Australia

(D) Asia, Antarctica, and Oceania

Answer: (B) North America, Europe, and Asia

Explanation: The continents of North America, Europe, and Asia are entirely within the northern hemisphere.

More Read:- SEBA Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 MCQs – Economic Geography

8. Which determines the boundary between Europe and Africa?

(A) Ural mountain

(B) Red Sea

(C) Panama Canal

(D) Mediterranean Sea

Answer: (A) Ural mountain

9. Which sea has separated the continents of Asia and Africa?

(HSLC-2017, 20) 

(A) Mediterranean Sea

(B) Caspian Sea

(C) Arabian Sea

(D) Red Sea

Answer: (D) Red Sea

10. Why does about 90% of the world’s population live in the northern hemisphere?

(A) Due to most of the world’s oceans are in the northern hemisphere

(B) Due to a larger portion of the lithosphere is in the northern hemisphere

(C) Due to a smaller portion of the lithosphere is in the northern hemisphere

(D) Due to more rainfall

Answer: (B) Because a larger portion of the lithosphere is in the northern hemisphere
Explanation: 67% of the lithosphere is in the northern hemisphere, which supports human habitation, leading to a concentration of about 90% of the world’s population in the northern hemisphere.

11. A narrow and elongated sea was formed due to a fraction almost in the middle of the Pangaea.” This fact is a part of the theory called__

(a) Big Bang

(b) Relativity
(c) Oceanic drift

(d) Continental drift

Answer: (d) Continental drift

Explanation: The statement belongs to continental drift Theory. It was proposed by Alfred Wegener. According to this theory, the continents were once part of a supercontinent called Pangaea, which eventually broke apart, and the landmasses drifted to their current positions.

Consider the following statements and choose the Correct answer.

(i) In the early stage the earth’s lithosphere was together as a single landmass.

(ii) The lithosphere of the earth is known as Panthalassa.

(A) (i) is false and (ii) is true.

(B) (i) is true and-(ii) is false.

(C) both (i) and (ii) are true.

(D) Both (i) and (ii) are false.

Answer:  (B) (i) is true and-(ii) is false.

Explanation:

• (i) In the early stages of Earth’s history, the lithosphere (the Earth’s solid outer layer) was indeed together as a single landmass, known as Pangaea.
• (ii) The term Panthalassa refers to the vast ocean that surrounded the supercontinent Pangaea, not the lithosphere. Therefore, this statement is false.

12. Which continents and regions were formed from the division of Gondwanaland?

(A) North America, Greenland, and Europe

(B) South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica, and India

(C) Asia, Europe, and the Indian sub-continent

(D) Only Australia and Antarctica

Answer: (B) South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica, and India
Explanation:  The Continental Drift Theory, states that after the division of Gondwanaland, continents such as South America, Africa, Madagascar, India, the Arabian region, Malaysia and its other islands, Australia, Antarctica, etc were formed.

More Read:- SEBA Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 MCQs – Environment and Environmental Problems

13. What were the two parts of Pangaea called after it split in the north-south direction?

(A) Africa and Europe

(B) Laurasia and Gondwanaland

(C) Asia and Antarctica

(D) India and Arabia

Answer: (B) Laurasia and Gondwanaland
Explanation: According to the Continental Drift Theory, after the formation of the Tethys Sea, Pangaea split into two parts: Laurasia in the north and Gondwanaland in the south.

14. Which of the following statements are correct?

(i)  The formation of the Tethys divides the  the  Pangae  into  two  parts,  North and South

(ii)  The  formation of  the Tethys  Sea  divides  the  Pangae  into  two  parts, East and West

(iii) The formation of the Tethys Sca divided Pangaea into four parts.

(iv) The formation of the Tethys Sca divided Pangaea into three parts.

(A) Only

(B) ii and iii

(C) iii and iv

(D) Only iv

Answer: (i)  The formation of the Tethys divides the Pangae  into  two  parts,  North and South

15. The Southern Ocean is primarily an extension of which three oceans?

(A) Atlantic, Arctic, and Indian Oceans

(B) Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans

(C) Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic Oceans

(D) Indian, Arctic, and Pacific Oceans

Answer: (B) Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans
Explanation: The Southern Ocean is an extension of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.

16. Match the following countries with their capitals and choose he core  answer:

(A) (a) – (ii) (b) – (iii)  (c) – (i)  (d) – (iv)

(B) (a) – (iii) (b) – (ii)  (c) – (iv)  (d) – (i)

(C) (a) – (ii) (b) – (iii)  (c) – (iv)  (d) – (i)

(D) (a) – (i) (b) – (iv)  (c) – (ii)  (d) – (iii)

Answer: (C) (a) – (ii) (b) – (iii)  (c) – (iv)  (d) – (i)

Explanation:

• (a) Bangladesh has the capital Dhaka (ii).
• (b) Afghanistan has the capital Kabul (iii).
• (c) Brazil has the capital Brasilia (iv).
• (d) Sri Lanka has the capital Colombo (i).

17. Which of the following island is NOT located in the Atlantic Ocean?

(A) Iceland

(B) British Isles

(C) Falkland Islands

(D) Philippines

Answer: (D) Philippines
Explanation: Philippines is located in the Pacific Ocean, not in the Atlantic Ocean. The Atlantic Ocean has innumerable small and big ocean islands. Among them, Iceland, Newfoundland, British Isles, West Indies, Canary, Falkland, Bermuda, etc are worth mentioning.

18. Match the following:

(A) (a) – ( i); (b) – (iii); (c) – (ii); (d) – (iv)

(B) (a) – ( ii); (b) – (i); (c) – (iv); (d) – (iii)

(C) (a) – ( iii); (b) – (iv); (c) – (i); (d) – (ii)

(D) (a) – ( iv); (b) – (ii); (c) – (iii); (d) – (i)

Answer: (B) (a) – (ii); (b) – (i); (c) – (iv); (d) – (iii)

Explanation:

• (a) Australia – (ii) Canberra
• (b) Israel – (i) Jerusalem
• (c) Canada – (iv) Ottawa
• (d) Bhutan – (iii) Thimphu

19. What influences the socio-economic advancement of different areas on Earth?

(A) Population density only

(B) The natural environment and resources

(C) Proximity to water bodies

(D) Political stability only

Answer: (B) The natural environment and resources

Explanation: Socio-economic advancement depends greatly on the natural environment and availability of natural resources.

20. Why are some areas on Earth lagging economically?

(A) They have high population density.

(B) They lack natural resources and have an unfavorable environment.

(C) They are close to the oceans.

(D) They are very large in area.

Answer: (B) They lack natural resources and have an unfavorable environment.

Explanation: The areas with unfavorable natural environments and lacking natural resources are generally economically less developed.

21. Lake siluated on the higlest altitude of the world____

(A) Tilicaca

(B) The Great bear
(C) The superior

(D) The Baikal

Answer: (A) Lake Titicaca

22. Arrange the formation from the coast to the middle of the ocean.

(A)  Continental Shelf > Oceanic canyon > Continental Slop > Deep  Sea Plain> Deep Sea Trench >Oceanic Ridge and Island

(B) Continental Shelf> Continental Slop > Deep Sea Plan > Oceanic  Ridge and Island > Deep Sea Trench

(C) Continental Slop >Continental Sheif> Oceanic canyon> Oceanic  Ridge and Isiand> Deep Sea Plain > Deep Sea Trench

(D) Oceanic canyon> Deep sea plain > Contienntal Slop > Continental  Shelf> Oceanic Ridge and Island > Deep Sea Trench.

Answer: (B) Continental Shelf> Continental Slop > Deep Sea Plan > Oceanic  Ridge and Island > Deep Sea Trench

Explanation: The typical order of oceanic features, from the coast to the middle of the ocean, starts with the Continental Shelf, followed by the Continental Slope. After that, you encounter the Deep Sea Plain (the abyssal plain), which is part of the ocean floor. The Oceanic Ridge and Island come next, and finally, the Deep Sea Trench is found at the deepest part of the ocean.

23. The total surface area of the Earth is _______

(A) 510 million square km

(B) 149 million square km

(C) 730 million square km

(D) 250 million square km

Answer: (A) 510 million square km

Explanation: The total surface area of the Earth is approximately 510 million square kilometers, which includes both land and water areas.

24. Which physiographic division of North America includes young folded mountain ranges?

(A) Appalachian Highland region

(B) Great upland plain region

(C) Coastal lowland plains

(D) Rocky mountainous region

Answer: (D) Rocky mountainous region
Explanation: The Rocky mountainous region, located in the western part of North America, consists of young folded mountain ranges.

25. What percentage of the Earth’s surface is covered by land?

(A) 71%

(B) 39%

(C) 29%

(D) 33%

Answer: (C) 29%

26. What was the name of the single landmass on Earth around 300 million years ago?

(A) Gondwanaland

(B) Angaraland

(C) Laurasia

(D) Pangaea

Answer: (D) Pangaea

Explanation:  According to the Continental Drift Theory, the Earth’s lithosphere was once a single landmass called Pangaea around 300 million years ago.

27. What was the name of the hydrosphere that surrounded Pangaea?

(A) Tethys Sea

(B) Panthalassa

(C) Pacific Ocean

(D) Indian Ocean

Answer: (B) Panthalassa
Explanation: The hydrosphere surrounding Pangaea was known as Panthalassa.

28. What sea was formed by a fracture in Pangaea, splitting it into two parts?

(A) Panthalassa

(B) Caspian Sea

(C) Tethys Sea

(D) Mediterranean Sea

Answer: (C) Tethys Sea
Explanation: A fracture in Pangaea created the Tethys Sea, which divided it into two parts.

29. ___________Mountain Range is the major mountain range of North America.

(a) Rocky

(b) Himalayas

(c) Satpura

(d) Vindhya

Answer: (a) Rocky

Explanation: The Rocky Mountain Range is the major mountain range of North America. It is located in the western part of North America, consists of young folded mountain ranges.

30. During which geological era did Laurasia and Gondwanaland start to split and move towards the equator?

(A) Palaeozoic Era

(B) Cenozoic Era

(C) Mesozoic Era

(D) Archean Era

Answer: (C) Mesozoic Era
Explanation: During the Mesozoic Era, Laurasia and Gondwanaland split further and drifted, leading to the formation of present-day continents.

31. Which of the following continents or regions were formed from the breakup of Laurasia?

(A) North America, Greenland, Europe, and parts of Asia

(B) South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica, and India

(C) Asia, Europe, and the Indian sub-continent

(D) Only Australia and Antarctica

Answer: (A) North America, Greenland, Europe, and parts of Asia

32. What is the term used for the portion of the Earth’s surface covered by oceans, seas, rivers, and lakes?

(A) Lithosphere

(B) Hydrosphere

(C) Atmosphere

(D) Biosphere

Answer: (B) Hydrosphere
Explanation: The Hydrosphere is the portion of the Earth’s surface covered by water bodies, including oceans, seas, rivers, and lakes.

33. What is the Lithosphere?

(A) The Earth’s outer atmosphere

(B) The water portion of the Earth’s surface

(C) The land portion of the Earth’s surface

(D) The Earth’s core

Answer: (C) The land portion of the Earth’s surface
Explanation: The Lithosphere is the part of the Earth’s surface formed by land, slightly above sea level.

34. Which of the following seas is NOT linked with the other oceans of the World?

(A) Caspian Sea

(B) Atlantic Ocean

(C) Indian Ocean

(D) Pacific Ocean

Answer: (A) Caspian Sea
Explanation: All the oceans and seas are interconnected. But, the Caspian Sea, Dead Sea, and Aral Sea are not connected with other oceans.

35. The lithosphere is divided into four divisions. Which continents form the first part of the Lithosphere?

(A) North America and South America

(B) Asia, Europe, and Africa

(C) Australia and Oceania

(D) Antarctica

Answer: (B) Asia, Europe, and Africa
Explanation: The lithosphere is divided into four divisions. But, the first part of the Lithosphere is formed by the continents of Asia, Europe, and Africa.

36. The land component of the earth composed of rocks, sound soils, minerals etc. form the–

(A) Hydrosphere

(B) Lithosphere

(C) Atmosphere

(D) Biosphere

Answer: (B) Lithosphere

Explanation: The lithosphere is the solid outer layer of the Earth, made up of rocks, soil, minerals, and landforms.

37. Where is the Pacific Ocean located relative to the continents?

(A) Between North America and Europe

(B) Between Asia, North America, and South America

(C) Between South America and Africa

(D) Between Asia and Oceania

Answer: (B) Between Asia, North America, and South America
Explanation: The Pacific Ocean is located between Asia, North America, and South America.

38. Which ocean is located to the north of North America, Europe, and Asia?

(A) Atlantic Ocean

(B) Indian Ocean

(C) Southern Ocean

(D) Arctic Ocean

Answer: (D) Arctic Ocean
Explanation: The Arctic Ocean is located north of North America, Europe, and Asia.

39. What percentage of the hydrosphere is confined to the southern hemisphere?

(A) 67%

(B) 57%

(C) 47%

(D) 37%

Answer: (B) 57%
Explanation: 57 % of the hydrosphere is confined to the southern hemisphere and 67 % is confined to the northern hemisphere.

40. How many oceans are there on Earth?

(A) 7

(B) 4

(C) 5

(D) 6

Answer: (C) 5
Explanation: There are five oceans on Earth: the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean(Antarctic Ocean), and Northern Ocean (Arctic Ocean).

41. Which ocean is located entirely in the northern hemisphere?

(A) Pacific Ocean

(B) Atlantic Ocean

(C) Southern Ocean

(D) Northern Ocean

Answer: (D) Northern Ocean
Explanation: The Northern Ocean is also known as the Arctic Ocean. The Northern Ocean is located entirely in the northern hemisphere.

42. Which ocean is the smallest in terms of land area or spatial extent?

(A) Atlantic Ocean

(B) Indian Ocean

(C) Southern Ocean

(D) Northern Ocean

Answer: (D) Northern Ocean
Explanation: The Northern Ocean or the Arctic Ocean is the smallest of all oceans in terms of land area or spatial extent.

43. What is the term for the shallow part of the ocean floor up to 200 meters deep surrounding the coasts?

(A) Continental Shelf

(B) Continental Slope

(C) Deep Sea Plain

(D) Oceanic Trench

Answer: (A) Continental Shelf
Explanation: The shallow part of the ocean and sea , with a depth of up to about 200 meters near the coasts, is called the Continental Shelf.

44. The considerably deep part (depth up to about 2000 meter) after the continental shelf is known as____

(A) Continental Shelf

(B) Continental Slope

(C) Deep Sea Plain

(D) Oceanic Trench

Answer: (B) Continental Slope
Explanation: The considerably deep part (depth up to about 2000 meter) after the continental shelf is known as the Continental Slope.

45. What is the average depth of the ocean floor?

(A) 2000 meters

(B) 3000 meters

(C) 4000 meters

(D) 5000 meters

Answer: (C) 4000 meters
Explanation: The average depth of the ocean floor is 4000 meters.

46. Which of the following is the deepest ocean trench?

(A) Java Trench

(B) Mariana Trench

(C) Tonga Trench

(D) Philippine Trench

Answer: (B) Mariana Trench
Explanation: The Mariana Trench, also known as the Challenger Trench, in the Pacific Ocean, is the deepest trench with a depth of 11,022 meters.

47. How much depth of the deepest trench of the Pacific Ocean the Mariana Trench?

(A) 11,000 mtr.

(B) 1,002 mtr.

(C)11,022 mtr.

(D) 11,032 mtr.

Answer: (C)11,022 mtr.

Explanation: The depth of the deepest trench of the Pacific Ocean, the Mariana Trench, is 11,022 meters.

48. Which is the largest continent in the world in terms of land area?

(A) Africa

(B) Asia

(C) Europe

(D) North America

Answer: (B) Asia

49. Which is the largest ocean in the world in terms of land area?

(A) Atlantic Ocean

(B) Indian Ocean

(C) Pacific Ocean

(D) Arctic Ocean

Answer: (C) Pacific Ocean

50. Choose the option that shows the correct relationship between Assertion (A) and Reason (R)

(i) Assertion: The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest Ocean in the world.

(ii) Reason: The Pacific Ocean covers about one-third of the Earth.
(A) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion
(B) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct  explanation of the assertion
(C) Assertion is true, reason is false
(D) Assertion is false, reason is true

Answer: (A) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct  explanation of the assertion

Explanation:

• Assertion: “The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest Ocean in the world” — This statement is true.
• Reason: “The Pacific Ocean covers about one-third of the Earth” — This is also true and explains why the Pacific Ocean is considered the largest by area.

51. Which is the largest Ocean in the world?

(HSLC, 2022) 

(A) Indian Ocean
(B) Southern Ocean
(C) Pacific Ocean

(D) Arctic Ocean

Answer: (C) Pacific Ocean

Explanation: The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean in the world, covering more than 63 million square miles (165 million square kilometers), which is about one-third of the Earth’s total surface area.

52. What fraction of the Earth’s surface area is covered by the Pacific Ocean?

(A) One-quarter

(B) One-third

(C) One-half

(D) Two-thirds

Answer: (B) One-third
Explanation: The Pacific Ocean covers about one-third of the Earth’s surface area.

53. The ocean with the longest coastline is –

(A) Indian Ocean

(B) Southern Ocean

(C) Atlantic Ocean

(D) Pacific Ocean

(D) Pacific Ocean

54. What is the average depth of the Pacific Ocean?

(A) 2000 meters

(B) 3000 meters

(C) 4000 meters

(D) 5000 meters

Answer: (D) 5000 meters
Explanation: The average depth of the Pacific Ocean is about 5000 meters.

55. Which of the following islands is NOT located in the Pacific Ocean?

(A) Taiwan

(B) New Zealand

(C) Iceland

(D) Indonesia

Answer: (C) Iceland
Explanation:  The Pacific Ocean has at least 20,000 small and big oceanic islands. Among these islands, Japan, Taiwan, Philippines, New Zealand, Indonesia, Hawaii, etc are worth mentioning.

56. Which of the following oceanic trenches is/are mentioned as part of the Pacific Ocean?

(A) Mariana Trench

(B) Java Trench

(C) Tonga Trench

(D) Both A and C

Answer: (D) Both A and C
Explanation: The Mariana Trench and Tonga Trench are both mentioned as important oceanic trenches in the Pacific Ocean. Some other important trenches of the Pacific Ocean are Aleutian, Kurile, Philippine, Peru-Chile, etc .

57. In which direction the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is located within the Atlantic Ocean?

(A) East-West

(B) North-South

(C) Southeast-Northwest

(D) Northeast-Southwest

Answer: (B) North-South
Explanation: The Mid-Atlantic Ridge runs in a north-south direction in the Atlantic Ocean.

58. The shape of the Atlantic Ocean is like that of an English letter____

(A) ‘S’

(B) ‘T’

(C) ‘V’

(D) ‘O’

Answer: (A) ‘S’

59. __________ocean is locatd between Europe and North America.

(a) Pacific

(b) Indian

(c) Atlantic

(d) Arabian Sea

Answer: (c) Atlantic

Explanation: The Atlantic Ocean is located between Europe and North America. It is the second-largest ocean in the world.

60.Which of the following trenche is found in the Atlantic Ocean?

(A) Mariana Trench

(B) Puerto Rico Trench

(C) Tonga Trench

(D) Kurile Trench

Answer: (B) Puerto Rico Trench
Explanation:  Some important oceanic trenches in the Atlantic Ocean include Puerto Rico, Romanche and South Sandwich. On the other hand, the Mariana Trench, Kurile and Tonga Trenchs are from the Pacific Ocean.

61. Which of the following seas is NOT located in the Atlantic Ocean?

(A) Mediterranean Sea

(B) Baltic Sea

(C) Caribbean Sea

(D) Alaska Sea

Answer: (D) Alaska Sea
Explanation: The Alaska Sea is located under the Pacific Ocean and is not part of the Atlantic Ocean.

62. Sychelles Island is situatd in which Ocean?

(A) Indian Ocean

(B) Southern Ocean

(C) Pacific Ocean

(D) Atlantic Ocean

Answer: (A) Indian Ocean

Explanation: The Seychelles Island is situated in the Indian Ocean.

63. Which of the following islands is located in the Indian Ocean?

(A) Japan

(B) Iceland

(C) Madagascar

(D) Hawaii

Answer: (C) Madagascar
Explanation: Madagascar is an island located in the Indian Ocean, near the African continent.

64. Which of the following sea is NOT part of the Indian Ocean?

(A) Arabian Sea

(B) Mediterranean Sea

(C) Bay of Bengal

(D) Red Sea

Answer: (B) Mediterranean Sea
Explanation: The Mediterranean Sea is connected to the Atlantic Ocean, not the Indian Ocean.

65. Which trench is found in the Indian Ocean?

(A) Mariana Trench

(B) Sunda Trench

(C) Aleutian Trench

(D) Kuril Trench

Answer: (B) Sunda Trench
Explanation: The Sunda Trench is one of the oceanic trenches located in the Indian Ocean.

66. Which of the following sea is located within the Indian Ocean?

(A) Caribbean Sea

(B) Baltic Sea

(C) Persian Gulf

(D) North Sea

Answer: (C) Arabian Sea
Explanation: The Persian Gulf is located within the Indian Ocean. Some of the important seas under the Indian Ocean include the Arabian sea, Bay of Bengal, Andaman Sea, Red Sea, etc.

67. Why does the Southern Ocean remain covered with ice for most of the year?

(A) Due to its location

(B) Due to its proximity to the equator

(C) Because it is the smallest ocean

(D) Due to heavy rainfall

Answer: (A) Due to its location
Explanation:  Due to its location in the south polar region the Southern Ocean remains covered with ice in most part of the year.

68. Which one of the following is the smallest ocean in the World?

(a) Indian Ocean

(b) Arctic Ocean

(c) Northern Ocean

(d) Southern Ocean

Answer: (b) Arctic Ocean

Explanation: The Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean in the world, covering an area of about 14 million square kilometers. It is located around the Arctic region, primarily to the north of the globe.

69. Which continent does not have any permanent human settlement?

(A) Oceania

(B) Antarctica
(C) North America
(D) South America

Answer: (B) Antarctica

Explanation: Antarctica is the only continent that does not have any permanent human settlement. Although there are research stations where scientists work temporarily, there is no permanent population due to the extreme climate and environmental conditions.

70. Why does the Arctic Ocean remain covered with thick ice for most of the year?

(A) Because of its circular shape

(B) Due to its location in the north polar region

(C) Due to high levels of rainfall

(D) Because it is the largest ocean

Answer: (B) Due to its location in the north polar region
Explanation: The Arctic Ocean is located in the north polar region, causing it to be covered with thick ice for most of the year.

71. Which continents surround the Arctic Ocean?

(A) Asia, Africa, and Europe

(B) Europe, Asia, and North America

(C) North America, South America, and Africa

(D) Asia, Australia, and Europe

Answer: (B) Europe, Asia, and North America
Explanation: The Arctic Ocean is surrounded by the northern parts of Europe, Asia, and North America.

72. Which of the following sea separates Europe and Africa?

(A) Mediterranean Sea

(B) Caspian Sea

(C) Arabian Sea

(D) Red Sea

Answer:  (A) Mediterranean Sea

73. What percentage of the earth’s lithosphere is confined to the northern hemisphere?

(A) 57%

(B) 67%

(C) 77%

(D) 87%

Answer: (B) 67%
Explanation: About 67% of the earth’s lithosphere is confined to the northern hemisphere.

74. What type of vegetation is commonly found in the equatorial region?

(A) Thorny vegetation

(B) Short grass

(C) Evergreen forest

(D) Mosses and lichens

Answer: (C) Evergreen forest
Explanation: The equatorial region has a hot and wet climate, which supports dense evergreen forests.

75. Which region is likely to have the highest population density?

(A) Extremely cold regions

(B) Extremely hot regions

(C) Regions with favorable physical and economic conditions

(D) Regions with scarce agricultural resources

Answer: (C) Regions with favorable physical and economic conditions
Explanation: Areas with favorable climate, soil, and economic advancement in agriculture, industry, and trade tend to have high population density.

76. What type of vegetation is generally found in hot and dry desert regions?

(A) Evergreen forest

(B) Mosses and lichens

(C) Short grass and thorny vegetation

(D) Deciduous forest

Answer: (C) Short grass and thorny vegetation
Explanation: Hot and dry desert regions typically have vegetation like short grass and thorny plants.

77. Which of the following is considered the world’s highest plateau?

(A) Deccan Plateau

(B) Mongolian Plateau

(C) Pamir Plateau

(D) Arabian Plateau

Answer: (C) Pamir Plateau
Explanation: The Pamir Plateau, located in Asia, is considered the world’s highest plateau.

78. Which of the following countries belongs to Asia?

(a) Tanzania, Brazil, Fiji, Angola, Ghana

(b) Nederland, Cameroon, Jamaica, Colombia, Venezuela

(c) Vietnam, Cambodia, Philippines, Japan, Taiwan

(d) Norway, Austria, Gini, Zimbabwe, Mexico

Answer: (c) Vietnam, Cambodia, Philippines, Japan, Taiwan

79. Which of the following deserts is NOT found in Asia?

(A) Gobi Desert

(B) Thar Desert

(C) Arabian Desert

(D) Sahara Desert

Answer: (D) Sahara Desert
Explanation: The Sahara Desert is located in Africa, whereas the Gobi, Thar, and Arabian deserts are in Asia.

80. The Bering Strait separates Asia from which continent?

(A) Europe

(B) North America

(C) Africa

(D) South America

Answer: (B) North America
Explanation: The Bering Strait is a narrow passage between Asia and North America. It separates the continents of Asia and North America at their closest point.

81. One of the major rivers of Asia flowing into the Artic Ocean is-

(HSLC-2016)

(a) Ural

(b) Yenisey

(c) Mekong

(d) Howang-Ho

Answer: (b) Yenisey

Explanation: The Yenisey River is one of the major rivers in Asia that flows into the Arctic Ocean. It flows through Siberia, Russia, into the Kara Sea, which is part of the Arctic Ocean.

82. The area of the continent of Asia is –

(a) 64.2 million sq. km.
(b) 44.6 million sq. km.
(c) 58.2 million sq. km.
(d) 88.2 million sq. km.

Answer:  (b) 44.6 million sq. km.

83. Physically the continent of Europe is separated from Asia by the

(HSLC-2018)

(A) Karakoram Mountain Range and the Black Sea

(B) Himalayan Mountain Range and the Amur River

(C) Ural Mountain Range and the Ural River

(D) Rocky Mountain Range and the Lena River

Answer: (C) Ural Mountain Range and the Ural River

84. What percentage of the Earth’s total land area was covered by Europe?

(A) 5%

(B) 7.3%

(C) 10%

(D) 12.5%

Answer: (B) 7.3%
Explanation: Europe covers 7.3% of the Earth’s land area, making it the sixth-largest continent by area.

85. What is the highest peak in Europe?

(A) Mount Blanc

(B) Mount Albrus

(C) Mount Elbrus

(D) Mount Everest

Answer: (C) Mount Elbrus
Explanation: Mount Elbrus( 5,633 meters), located in the Caucasus Mountains, is the highest peak in Europe.

86. How many countries are in Europe?

(A) 34

(B) 44

(C) 54

(D) 64

Answer: (B) 44

87. What is the highest peak in the Alps mountain range?

(A) Mount Albrus

(B) Mount Blanc

(C) Mount Elbrus

(D) Mount Vesuvius

Answer: (B) Mount Blanc
Explanation: Mount Blanc, at 4,807 meters, is the highest peak in the Alps.

88. Which line divides Africa into two nearly equal parts?

(A) Tropic of Cancer

(B) Tropic of Capricorn

(C) Prime Meridian

(D) Equator

Answer: (D) Equator
Explanation: The Equator passes almost through the middle of Africa and it divides Africa into two nearly equal parts.

89. What is the largest country in Africa?

(A) Nigeria

(B) Egypt

(C) Algeria

(D) South Africa

Answer: (C) Algeria
Explanation: Algeria is the largest country in Africa, with an area of approximately 2.4 million km².

90. The Sahara Desert, the Kalahari Desert, and Namibia Desert are the most significant deserts located in the –

(A) Continent of North America

(B) Africa Continent

(C) Europe Continent

(D) Asia Continent

Answer: (B) Africa Continent

Explanation: The Sahara Desert, the Kalahari Desert, and the Namibia Desert are the most significant deserts located in the Africa Continent.

91. What is the highest peak in Africa?

(A) Mount Elgon

(B) Mount Atlas

(C) Mount Kilimanjaro

(D) Mount Drakensberg

Answer: (C) Mount Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Mount Kilimanjaro, with a height of 5,895 meters, is the highest peak in Africa.

92. Which is the world’s longest river?

(A) Amazon

(B) Nile

(C) Indus

(D) Ganga

Answer: (B) Nile
Explanation: The Nile is the longest river in Africa and the world.

93. Which is the world’s largest desert?

(A) Sahara

(B) Thar

(C) Kalahari

(D) Namibia

Answer: (A) Sahara

Explanation: The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in Africa and the world.

94. There are  ________countries in the continent of Africa.

(A) 50

(B) 51

(C) 52

(D) 53

95. You have decided to go ‘Alaska’ of North America from Asia through the land part of the earth. While approaching to North America from Asia you have to cross a sea. The name of that sea is____

(A) Red Sea.

(B) Caspian Sea

(C) Bering Sea

(D) Black Sea

Answer: (C) Bering Sea

Explanation:

To travel from Asia to Alaska of North America by land, we would cross over the narrow strait known as the Bering Strait, which is part of the Bering Sea. This sea separates eastern Russia from Alaska.

96. North America is the world’s ___ largest continent.

(A) First

(B) Second

(C) Third

(D) Fourth

Answer: (C) Third
Explanation: North America is the third-largest continent in the world.

97. Which of the following is the second largest country in the world?

(A) United States

(B) Canada

(C) Mexico

(D) Greenland

Answer: (B) Canada
Explanation: Canada is the largest country in North America and the second-largest in the world.

98. What is the highest peak in North America?

(A) Mount Everest

(B) Kilimanjaro

(C) McKinley Peak

(D) Mount Elbrus

Answer: (C) McKinley Peak
Explanation: McKinley Peak (6,194 meters) is the highest point in North America.

99. What is the highest lake in the world?

(A) Titicaca

(B) The Great bear

(C) The Baikal

(D) he Baikal

Answer: (A) Lake Titicaca

Explanation: Lake Titicaca, the world’s highest navigable lake, is located in South America.

100. What is the highest peak in the Andes mountain range?

(A) Mount Everest

(B) Mount Kilimanjaro

(C) Mount Aconcagua

(D) Mount McKinley

Answer: (C) Mount Aconcagua
Explanation: Mount Aconcagua (7,020 meters) is the highest peak in the Andes and South America.

101. The Andes Mountain system in South America is notable for being:

(A) The longest mountain system in the world

(B) The tallest mountain system in the world

(C) The widest mountain system in the world

(D) The shortest mountain system in the world

Answer: (A) The longest mountain system in the world
Explanation: The Andes Mountain system is the longest in the world, extending approximately 8,000 km from Panama to Cape Horn.

102. What is the shape of South America?

(A) Oval

(B) Rectangular

(C) Circular

(D) Reversed triangle

Answer: (D) Reversed triangle
Explanation: South America is shaped like a reversed triangle, with a wide northern part and a narrow southern part.

103. Which country is the largest in South America?

(A) Argentina

(B) Chile

(C) Colombia

(D) Brazil

Answer: (D) Brazil
Explanation: Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest in the world.

104. Atacama and Patagonia deserts are found in____

(a) Asia

(b) Africa

(c) North America

(d) South America

Answer: (d) South America

Explanation: The Atacama Desert is located in northern Chile, and it is one of the driest deserts in the world. The Patagonia Desert is found in the southern part of Argentina and Chile. Both of these deserts are located in South America.

105. The continent of Oceania is located entirely in which hemisphere?

(A) Northern Hemisphere

(B) Eastern Hemisphere

(C) Southern Hemisphere

(D) Western Hemisphere

Answer: (C) Southern Hemisphere
Explanation: Oceania is located entirely in the Southern Hemisphere.

106. How many countries are there in Oceania?

(A) 12

(B) 14

(C) 16

(D) 18

Answer: (B) 14
Explanation: Oceania comprises 14 countries, including Australia and New Zealand.

107. Arrange the following continents as the basis of the volume of land area in increasing order.

(a) Africa

(b) Oceania

(c) North America

(d) South Africa

(A) a-b-d-c

(B) a-c-b-d

(C) c-b-a-d

(D) c-d-b-a

Answer: (C) c-b-a-d

108. How many countries are there in the world?

(A) 195

(B) 196

(C) 197

(D) 198

Answer: (C) 197
Explanation: There are 197 countries in the world.

109. Which country is the smallest in the world?

(A) Monaco

(B) San Marino

(C) Vatican City

(D) Liechtenstein

Answer: (C) Vatican City
Explanation: Vatican City is the smallest country in the world by land area.

110. Which continent has the highest number of countries?

(A) Asia

(B) Europe

(C) Africa

(D) South America

Answer: (C) Africa
Explanation: Africa has 53 countries, the most of any continent.

111. ‘Cairo’ is the capital of which country____

(HSLC-2024)

(A) Israel

(B) Egypt

(C) Japan

(D) Ukraine

Answer: (B) Egypt

112. In which continent is Ecuador located?

(A) North America
(B) South America
(C)Africa
(D) Asia

Answer: (B) South America

113. Capital of Brazil is –

(A) Rio de Janerio
(B) Sao Paulo

(C) Brasilia
(D) Lima

Answer: (A) Brasilia

114. The mountain ranges are named with their highest peaks given below-

Find the correct math-

(a) (A) – (iv), (B) – (i), (C) – (ii), (D) – (iii)

(b) (A) – (iv), (B) – (iii), (C) – (ii), (D) – (i)

(c) (A) – (iv), (B) – (iii), (C) – (i), (D) – (ii)

(d) (A) – (iii), (B) – (ii), (C) – (i), (D) – (iv)

Answer: (b) (A) – (iv), (B) – (iii), (C) – (ii), (D) – (i)

Explanation:

• (A) Himalaya – (iv) Mount Everest
• (B) Karakoram – (iii) Mount K2
• (C) Caucasus – (ii) Mount Elbrus
• (D) Alps – (i) Mont Blanc

115. In which continent the world’s highest Lake Titicaca is located?

(A) South America

(B) North America

(C) Africa

(D) Europe

Answer: (A) South America

Explanation: The world’s highest lake, Titicaca, is located in South America.

116. As per the 2015 estimate, what was the world’s total population?

(A) 6.5 billion

(B) 5.8 billion

(C) 7.3 billion

(D) 7.9 billion

Answer: C. 7.3 billion

117. The capital of Italy is____

(a) Rome

(b) Paris

(c) Dhaka

(d) Berlin

Answer: (a) Rome