MCQs on The Fundamental Unit of Life – Class 9 Science

MCQs on The Fundamental Unit of Life – Class 9 Science

1. Who discovered the cell for the first time?

(A) Robert Koch
(B) Robert Brown
(C) Robert Hooke
(D) Leeuwenhoek

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2. Which cell organelle is called the “powerhouse of the cell”?
(A) Nucleus
(B) Ribosome
(C) Lysosome
(D) Mitochondria

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3. The control center of the cell is called:
(A) Cytoplasm
(B) Endoplasmic reticulum
(C) Nucleus
(D) Golgi apparatus

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4. Which of the following is found only in plant cells?
(A) Ribosomes
(B) Cell wall
(C) Mitochondria
(D) Lysosomes

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5. Which of these helps in digestion and waste removal in a cell?
(A) Golgi apparatus
(B) Lysosomes
(C) Vacuoles
(D) Ribosomes

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6. Osmosis is the movement of:
(A) Water from low to high concentration
(B) Solute from high to low concentration
(C) Water from high to low concentration through a semi-permeable membrane
(D) Gases through a cell wall

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7. Which organelle modifies, stores, and packages proteins?
(A) Ribosomes
(B) Endoplasmic Reticulum
(C) Golgi Apparatus
(D) Nucleus

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8. The outermost boundary in animal cells is the:
(A) Cell wall
(B) Cytoplasm
(C) Plasma membrane
(D) Nucleus

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9. What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?
(A) Atom
(B) Tissue
(C) Cell
(D) Organ

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10. The green color in plant cells is due to_____
(A) Chromoplast
(B) Leucoplast
(C) Mitochondria
(D) Chloroplast

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11. Which organelle is responsible for producing proteins?
(A) Mitochondria
(B) Ribosomes
(C) Golgi apparatus
(D) Vacuoles

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12. The organelle that detoxifies drugs and poisons in the liver cells is:
(A) Rough ER
(B) Smooth ER
(C) Nucleus
(D) Lysosome

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13. Which of the following is present in both plant and animal cells?
(A) Cell wall
(B) Chloroplast
(C) Plasma membrane
(D) Plastids

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14. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
(A) Lysosome
(B) Mitochondria
(C) Golgi apparatus
(D) Nucleus

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15. Which organelle regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell?
(A) Cell wall
(B) Plasma membrane
(C) Cytoplasm
(D) Nucleus

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16. Which of these is a colorless plastid?
(A) Chloroplast
(B) Chromoplast
(C) Leucoplast
(D) None of the above

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17. The fluid inside the nucleus is called:
(A) Cytoplasm
(B) Nucleoplasm
(C) Protoplasm
(D) Riboplasm

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18. The process by which an Amoeba engulfs food is called:
(A) Exocytosis
(B) Endocytosis
(C) Diffusion
(D) Plasmolysis

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19. Which organelle is responsible for converting light energy into food in plant cells?
(A) Vacuole
(B) Chloroplast
(C) Golgi body
(D) Leucoplast

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20. Which of the following organelle gives a plant cell its rigid shape?
(A) Cell membrane
(B) Vacuole
(C) Cell wall
(D) Cytoplasm

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21. Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane?
(A) Protects the cell
(B) Allows gases to diffuse
(C) Stores food and water
(D) Controls the movement of substances

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22. What is the jelly-like substance between the cell membrane and nucleus?
(A) Nucleoplasm
(B) Cytoplasm
(C) Chromatin
(D) Ribosome

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23. What gives the rough endoplasmic reticulum its rough appearance?
(A) Lipids
(B) Vacuoles
(C) Ribosomes
(D) Lysosomes

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24. In which cell part does most of the chemical activity of the cell occur?
(A) Nucleus
(B) Ribosome
(C) Cytoplasm
(D) Mitochondria

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25. Which of these is a semipermeable membrane?
(A) Cell wall
(B) Plasma membrane
(C) Nuclear envelope
(D) Golgi body

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26. The cell organelle found in plant cells but not in animal cells is:
(A) Endoplasmic Reticulum
(B) Cell wall
(C) Ribosomes
(D) Mitochondria

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27. Which of the following cell organelles has its own DNA?
(A) Golgi apparatus
(B) Ribosomes
(C) Lysosomes
(D) Mitochondria

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28. Which of the following is not a function of vacuoles in plant cells?
(A) Store water and nutrients
(B) Maintain cell pressure
(C) Carry out photosynthesis
(D) Store waste products

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29. The process by which water moves across a selectively permeable membrane is called:

(A) Endocytosis
(B) Plasmolysis
(C) Diffusion
(D) Osmosis

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30. Ribosomes are mainly involved in:
(A) Making energy
(B) Synthesizing proteins
(C) Making lipids
(D) Transporting food

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31. Which cell organelle is also called the ‘post office’ of the cell?
(A) Nucleus
(B) Lysosome
(C) Mitochondria
(D) Golgi Apparatus

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32. Which process causes a raisin to swell when placed in water?
(A) Endocytosis
(B) Plasmolysis
(C) Exosmosis
(D) Endosmosis

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33. Which of the following statements is false?

(A) Robert Hook discovered cells for the first time.
(B) Leeuwenhoek discovered free-living cells.
(C) Robert Brown discovered the nucleus.
(D) Purkinje proposed the cell theory.

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34. What is the function of the nucleolus?
(A) Controls all cell activities
(B) Makes proteins
(C) Helps in ribosome formation
(D) Stores DNA

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35. Which of the following is absent in prokaryotic cells?
(A) Plasma membrane
(B) Cell wall
(C) Nucleus with nuclear membrane
(D) Ribosomes

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36. Which of these organelles helps in detoxifying harmful substances?
(A) Golgi body
(B) Smooth ER
(C) Rough ER
(D) Lysosome

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37. In which part of the cell does respiration occur?
(A) Cytoplasm
(B) Golgi apparatus
(C) Ribosome
(D) Mitochondria

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38. Chromosomes are visible during:
(A) Cell division
(B) Protein synthesis
(C) Energy production
(D) Osmosis

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39. The function of chromatin is to:
(A) Help in respiration
(B) Digest waste
(C) Carry genetic information
(D) Store proteins

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40. What is the primary function of the plasma membrane?

(A) Synthesize proteins

(B) Regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell

(C) Produce energy

(D) Store genetic material

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41. Why are lysosomes called “suicide bags”?

(A) They produce energy

(B) They store food

(C) They can burst and digest the cell

(D) They synthesize proteins

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42. Where are proteins synthesised in the cell?

(A) Mitochondria

(B) Ribosomes

(C) Golgi Apparatus

(D) Nucleus

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43. Plastids are found in:

(A) Animal cells

(B) Bacterial cells

(C) Plant cells

(D) Both plant and animal cells

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44. What is the main function of the nucleus in a cell?

(A) Synthesize lipids

(B) Control cell activities and store genetic material

(C) Produce energy

(D) Digest waste materials

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45. What happens to a cell when placed in a hypertonic solution?

(A) It swells

(B) It shrinks

(C) It remains unchanged

(D) It bursts

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46. Which type of endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis?

(A) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

(B) Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

(C) Both RER and SER

(D) None of the above

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47. The large central vacuole in plant cells is primarily responsible for:

(A) Producing energy

(B) Storing nutrients and maintaining turgidity

(C) Synthesizing proteins

(D) Digesting waste

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